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Botswana müziği
Isicathamiya and Mbaqanga from South Africa, Chimurenga mbira music of Zimbabwe, Malagasy valiha, Mozambican marrabenta and timbila.
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Colonial period and early recording
Beginning in the 19th century, immigrants from the United Kingdom began arriving in large numbers and called the colony Bechuanaland. European missionaries arriving in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries challenged the close link between traditional music and indigenous spiritual practice, and the norms introduced by colonial administration substantially ended many daily musical traditions. The missionaries' lack of interest in documenting traditional music meant it was recorded less thoroughly than other topics of the period. Christian denominations that developed natively, like the Zion Christian Church, incorporate native healing songs in their practices. As Botswana's education system expanded in the 1950s, choir was widely taught and became a popular competitive activity. The Brown Kalanga Wizards were the first recording group from the territory that is now Botswana, forming in the 1950s and producing two albums.
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Hip hop and motswako
Hip hop reached Botswana from the United States in the early 1980s, initially embraced by children from middle-class families exposed to American popular culture through television and imported music. Because of this, English-language rapping in Botswana typically uses American English. The earliest hip hop of Botswana incorporated sampling, drum machines, beatboxing, turntablism, and instrumentation. Its early association with wealth and elitism worked against it, and throughout the 1990s the genre was marginalized by record labels, event promoters, and club owners in favor of kwaito. A critical moment in the genre's Botswana history came through radio. Ndala Baitsile, known as DJ Sid, ran a show called Rap Blast on Radio Botswana 2 (RB2) in the early 1990s. David Balsher (Draztik) and Salim Mosidinyane (Slim) followed, running the Strictly Hip Hop show on RB2 and Yarona FM's Sprite Rap Activity, while both were also members of the hip hop group Cashless Society. These broadcasts brought the genre to a broader audience despite industry resistance.
Yazının tamamını okuyun: Music of Botswana Metin lisansı: CC BY-SA 4.0
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